To record diaphragm excursion in infratentorial brain lesions patients with dysphagia during coughing and compare them to those with supratentorial brain lesion patients with dysphasia and those with no dysphagia at a university affiliated rehabilitation department.
Who can participate
Age range18 Years – 80 Years
SexALL
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AI-rewrites the medical criteria so a patient or caregiver can understand them. Always confirm with the trial site.
Inclusion Criteria:
Group 1- Brainstem lesion subjects with dysphagia that would require insertion of a nasogastric tube Group 2- Non-brainstem lesion subjects with dysphagia that would require insertion of a nasogastric tube Group 3- Stroke patients with no evidence of dysphagia
Exclusion Criteria:
* Episode of acute pneumonia or pulmonary embolism at time of enrollment
* Previous history of chronic respiratory disorders or other systemic disorders that may affect respiratory function ( ex, rheumatoid arthritis, chronic renal disease, spinal cord injury)
* Stroke patients with multiple brain lesions
* Episode of Diaphragm weakness due to peripheral polyneuropathy or unilateral phrenic nerve palsy
* Previous episode of abdominal or thoracic surgery within one year of enrollment
* Concomitant diagnosis of myopathy, muscular dystrophy or other disorders that may affect respiratory muscles.
* Episode of rib fracture within one year of enrollment
* Chronic alcoholism
* Patient with previous diagnosis of dementia or with impaired cognitive function that may limit full participation at the evaluation
* Patient with tracheostomy state