Qigong Intervention Program for Abused Chinese Women

Inclusion Criteria: * 18 years of age or older, * willing to undertake the qigong intervention program, * available for all testing points, * receptive to random allocation, and * assessed to be abused by an intimate partner in the preceding year or longer, based on the Chinese Abuse Assessment Screen. Exclusion Criteria: * had participated in qigong training or other mind body intervention within the previous 6 months, or * have serious medical conditions that might limit their participation in qigong exercise (based on our previous experience, such conditions include cancer, severe obesity, narcolepsy, major depressive disorder, schizophrenia), or * have psychiatric disorders, or * use medication or other psychological intervention for stress, or * are abused by someone who is not their intimate partner.