C-Pulse® System European Multicenter Study

Inclusion Criteria: * Patient is 18 years or older * Patients with moderate to severe ambulatory heart failure \[American College of Cardiology/American Heart Association (ACC/AHA) Stage C; NYHA Class III/IV ambulatory\], who are refractory to optimal medical therapy * Patients who are non-responders to CRT pacemaker therapy * Patient has signed and dated the investigation informed consent form Exclusion Criteria: * Evidence of significant ascending aortic calcification on postero-anterior chest X-ray or CT scan * Moderate or severe atherosclerotic aortic disease * Ascending aorto-coronary artery bypass grafts * Any history of aortic dissection * Connective tissue disorder such as Marfans disease * Aorta not conforming to specified dimensional constraints * Patient has severe mitral valve incompetence, grade 4+ * Patient has moderate to severe aortic valve incompetence, grade 2 - 4+ * Patient has systolic blood pressure less than 90 or greater than 140mmHg * Presence of active systemic infection * Presence of bleeding or coagulation disorder (relative)