Neurofeedback for Tourette Syndrome

Inclusion Criteria: * Diagnosis of Tourette Syndrome or Chronic Tic Disorder * currently active tics * aged 11-19 * ability to execute most common tics without moving head while lying on back Exclusion Criteria: * Blindness (because feedback is provided visually) * Lifetime diagnosis of pervasive developmental disorder, bipolar disorder, or psychotic disorder. * Presence of any serious psychiatric or psychosocial condition requiring initiation of new treatment or change in current treatment. * Neurological conditions affecting central nervous system, with the exception that predisposition to migraine will not be grounds for exclusion * Change in medication in the month prior to beginning the study * Unwillingness to keep medication stable over the course of the intervention * Full braces (but some retainers are OK) * Claustrophobia of a degree that they cannot comfortably be scanned * If common tics involve dramatic changes in breathing that could alter blood oxygenation measurements * Inability to keep head still while executing most common tics * Inability to keep head still in mock scanner * Inability or unwillingness to understand or follow the instructions * Pregnancy or possible pregnancy * Subjects may also be excluded after the first magnetic resonance scan if we are unable to localize a region of their supplementary motor area involved in tics - leaving us without a target area for biofeedback.