Pilot Study of Bumetanide for Newborn Seizures

Inclusion Criteria: * newborns with a post-conceptional age of 33-44 weeks * condition with risk for seizure: * asphyxia * intracranial hemorrhage * suspected or confirmed stroke * CNS infection * genetic syndrome * focal or diffuse brain malformation * idiopathic or presumed genetic etiology of seizures * metabolic disorder other than electrolyte disturbances or those caused by renal failure * suspected clinical seizure Exclusion Criteria: * have transient metabolic abnormalities (e.g., transient hypocalcemia) as the sole cause of seizures * are receiving ECMO (extracorporeal membrane oxygenation) therapy because of alteration of bumetanide pharmacokinetics by ECMO * have contraindications to bumetanide (as determined by treating physician) * have received diuretics such as furosemide or BTN * newborns with a total serum bilirubin \> 15 mg/dL at enrollment * newborns given ≥ 40mg/kg of phenobarbital * loading doses of AEDs other than phenobarbital (those who receive levetiracetam are still eligible since levetiracetam does not affect bumetanide pharmacokinetics)