Looking For Genetic and Environmental Risk Factors and Therapeutic Aspects in Cervical Artery Dissections

GROUP1: Inclusion Criteria: * Typical radiological aspect of dissection\* in a cervical artery (carotid and/or vertebral);\* Mural hematoma, pseudoaneurysm, long tapering stenosis, intimal flap, double lumen, or occlusion \> 2 cm above the carotid bifurcation revealing a pseudo aneurysm or a long tapering stenosis after recanalisation * Written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Purely intracranial dissection * Dissection occurring after an endovascular procedure * Known mendelian genetic disorder that can explain the dissection (e.g. vascular Ehlers-Danlos syndrome) GROUP2: Inclusion Criteria: * Recent ischemic stroke * No signs of CAD on extracranial duplex sonography and angiography (digital subtraction or magnetic resonance or CT), performed \< 7 days after the stroke * Written informed consent Exclusion Criteria: * Possible cerebral ischemia but normal cerebral imaging * CAD cannot be ruled out (e.g.persistent arterial occlusion without mural hematoma) * Endovascular or surgical procedure on the coronary, cervical or cerebral arteries during the 48 hours preceding the cerebral infarction * Cardiopathies with a very high embolic risk (Mechanical prosthetic valves, mitral stenosis with atrial fibrillation, intracardiac tumor, infectious endocarditis, myocardial infarction\<4 months) * Arterial vasospasm following a subarachnoid haemorrhage * Auto-immune disease possibly responsible for the cerebral infarction * Known monogenic disease responsible for the cereb…