An Implantable Microneuromodulator for the Treatment of Chronic Shoulder Pain in Chronic Post-Stroke Subjects

Inclusion Criteria: * 18 years of age or older * Chronic post-stroke duration greater than or equal to 6 months * Unilateral hemiplegic shoulder pain persisting for ≥6 months * Hemiparesis (shoulder abduction graded \<5/5 on Manual Muscle Testing ipsilateral to the shoulder in which the subject has chronic pain * Shoulder pain ≥ 6/10 (on 0-10 numeric rating scale (NRS) for worst pain in last week (BPI #12)) * Ability to give informed consent and understand study requirements * Ability to quantify pain using a 0-10 numeric rating scale. (A screening tool will be used to ensure that participants can rate 3 common pain scenarios (mosquito bite, stubbed toe and broken bone) on a 0-10 NRS relative to each other.) * Willing and able to understand and comply with all study-related procedures during the course of the study * Motivated to maintain an accurate diary for the study duration Exclusion Criteria: * Hemineglect (i.e., extinguish to double simultaneous stimulation) * Shoulder trauma or diagnosed shoulder pathology prior to stroke; history of any shoulder surgery, regardless of whether procedure preceded for followed stroke. * Need to take \>1 pain medication (opioid or non-opioid) for shoulder pain * Regular use of pain medication for chronic pain other than shoulder pain * Anticoagulated (taking warfarin or heparin, including fractionated heparin) or has a bleeding disorder * Unable, per their prescribing physician, to stop antiplatelet medications (e.g., aspirin, ticlopi…