Safety Study of Membrane Sweeping in Pregnancy

Inclusion Criteria: * Uncomplicated, singleton pregnancies * candidates for vaginal delivery * 38 to 42 weeks estimated gestational age Exclusion Criteria: * multiple gestation * placenta previa * placental abruption * pre-gestational or gestational diabetes * chronic or gestational hypertension * pre-eclampsia * pregnancy before 38 weeks gestation * any pregnancy with an indication for induction other than impending post dates * any pregnancy not planning of vaginal delivery * history or preterm labor or prelabor rupture of membranes * vasa previa * cervical dilation 3cm or greater upon entry to study * active cervical infection * third trimester vaginal bleeding * significant maternal mullerian anomalies * severe fetal anomalies * active genital herpes infection